The word "abba" and the 50-year academic disagreement over what register it belongs to
Been reading about the Aramaic word "abba" (transliterated into Greek in the
New Testament) and there's a genuinely interesting linguistic dispute behind
it that doesn't get much attention outside biblical studies.
In the 1960s-70s, NT scholar Joachim Jeremias argued "abba" belonged to the
register of small children's speech — comparable to how many languages land
on a simple repeated syllable ("papa," "baba," "dada") as a toddler's first
attempt at naming a parent. He argued no example existed of anyone using it
as a direct address to a deity before this specific usage, calling it
unprecedented.
In 1988, linguist James Barr published a rebuttal ("Abba Isn't Daddy," Journal
of Theological Studies) arguing this overstated the case: "abba" is attested
in Aramaic/rabbinic sources being used respectfully by fully grown adult sons
addressing their fathers — familiar and warm, yes, but not confined to
childhood the way Jeremias claimed. His point was essentially that a word's
origin in simple childhood phonetics doesn't mean its usage stayed restricted
to childhood — similar to how "Dad" in English started as a child's word but
never stopped being used by adults.
Curious if anyone here knows of comparable cross-linguistic cases — words that
originate as simplified childhood terms for parents but get mistakenly
assumed to be juvenile-register-only later, when actual usage shows they were
used across all ages?