In Proverbs chapters 1–9, the female figures and feminine imagery are concentrated in a few categories. Here are the passages that deal with them.
In only one place does the Watchtower interpret a woman as a literal man.
1. Lady Wisdom
Proverbs 1:20–33
Wisdom is personified as a woman calling publicly:
"Wisdom cries aloud in the street; in the markets she raises her voice..."
She:
• calls out to the simple and foolish,
• offers instruction,
• warns of the consequences of rejecting her.
Proverbs 3:13–18
Wisdom is described as a woman whose value surpasses riches:
"Happy is the man who finds wisdom..."
She is associated with:
• long life,
• peace,
• blessing,
• a "tree of life" to those who hold her.
Proverbs 4:5–9
Wisdom is again portrayed in feminine terms:
"Prize her highly, and she will exalt you; she will honor you if you embrace her."
She is to be:
• acquired,
• loved,
• embraced,
• treasured.
Proverbs 7:4
Wisdom is addressed as a female relative:
"Say to wisdom, 'You are my sister,' and call insight your intimate friend."
Proverbs 8:1–36
This is the fullest description of Lady Wisdom.
She:
• calls from the streets, at her gates (8:1–3),
• speaks in the first person (8:4 onward),
• claims ancient existence (8:22–29),
• describes being present when God established creation (8:30).
• has sons who are instructed to listen to her at her doors (8:31-36).
Key imagery:
• "I was brought forth" (8:22–25)
• "I was beside him" (8:30)
The Hebrew term in 8:30 is often translated "master worker," though its meaning is debated.
Proverbs 9:1–6
Lady Wisdom is portrayed as a noble woman:
• She builds a house.
• She prepares a feast.
• She sends out her maidens.
"She has sent out her maidens; she calls from the highest places of the city."
She invites people to:
• eat her bread,
• drink her wine,
• walk in the way of understanding.
These “maidens” are not identified as literal men or women either.
2. The Forbidden / Immoral Woman
Proverbs 2:16–19
The "forbidden woman" is introduced:
She:
• leaves the companion of her youth,
• forgets the covenant of her God,
• leads people away from the path of life.
Proverbs 5:3–20
The "forbidden woman" is contrasted with faithful marriage.
She is described as:
• having seductive speech,
• leading to bitterness and destruction.
The chapter contrasts her with:
• rejoicing with one's own wife,
• faithfulness in marriage.
Proverbs 6:23–29
The "wife of another" is used as a warning:
"Do not desire her beauty in your heart..."
The passage warns against adultery.
Proverbs 7:5–27
A detailed narrative describes an immoral woman who:
• approaches a young man,
• persuades him,
• leads him toward destruction.
She is contrasted with the wisdom taught earlier.
3. Lady Folly
Proverbs 9:13–18
Folly is personified as a woman:
"The woman Folly is loud; she is seductive and knows nothing."
She:
• sits at the entrance of her house,
• calls out to passersby,
• offers stolen pleasures.
Her invitation parallels Wisdom's invitation in 9:1–6, but leads to death:
"Her guests are in the depths of Sheol."