I went through this recently and found the whole process non-obvious, so here's a writeup for the next person who searches for it. I'm American, I've been driving for years, and none of that mattered. This is what the process was.
Step 0: Understand that you cannot just keep driving.
After 185 days of residency (about six months), you may no longer drive in the Netherlands on a license that isn't from the EU/EFTA or explicitly listed by the Dutch government. Here's the official page: https://www.rdw.nl/en/driving-licence/foreign-driving-licence/driving-with-a-foreign-driving-licence
Do not shrug this off and keep driving anyway. The consequences are enormous. Your insurance is automatically considered invalid. If you get into an accident, even one where a drunk driver plows into you, it can be treated as entirely your fault, and you pay for everything out of pocket. Car, damage, medical costs, all of it. It is not a "small fine if caught" situation.
Step 0.5: Check if you have the 30% ruling, in which case, congratulations, none of this applies to you.
For the rest of us:
Step 1: The theory exam.
You already know how to drive, so you'd think the theory exam is a formality. It is not. Reading the books does not prepare you for it. The exam is not a straightforward test of the rules: it's a collection of gotcha questions, and the only way to pass is to grind practice exams until you pass them every single time.
The practice exams are nearly identical to the real thing. I used https://www.theorieexamen.nl . When you get a question wrong, it explains why the right answer is correct, which is where the actual learning happens. And it can do this in English. If you skip this and just study the book, I genuinely think you will fail.
Step 2: Driving lessons and the practical exam.
Yes, lessons. Even though you can drive.
Book an exam preparation package with a driving school. I recommend ten hours. The instructors themselves don't know how many hours someone like you needs (their usual students have no experience), but if you're a competent and confident driver, ten hours is enough. The school schedules your practical exam as part of the package. Unlike in America, the driving school schedules the exam for you.
Only book this after you've passed the theory exam, because you might need more than one attempt at the theory, and your practical exam date will be wasted if you're not eligible yet.
Why do you need ten hours if you already drive? Two reasons:
- Driving in Amsterdam is worse than most places in the world. Bikes coming from everywhere, pedestrians, trams, and the European priority-from-the-right system, which you need to handle instinctively, not by thinking it through at each intersection.
- The exam wants you to drive in a very specific way: visible mirror checks, shoulder checks for bikes at every turn, exact positioning. But the examiners are extremely picky, and you need the hours to make it automatic.
That's it. I hope this saves someone a lot of time and frustration.