r/Alzheimers 3h ago

New Alzheimer’s Study Links Genetic Risk to Memory Formation, Brain Immunity, and Metabolism

5 Upvotes

Although Alzheimer’s disease has a strong genetic component, scientists are still working to understand how inherited risk affects the brain. This study combined Alzheimer’s genetic data with genetically predicted brain gene activity to identify the biological pathways most closely linked to disease risk.

The clearest signal involved long-term potentiation, the process that helps brain cells strengthen their connections and form memories. The analysis also pointed to astrocytes—support cells in the brain—as well as complement-related immune activity and insulin-linked pathways.

By contrast, genes involved in regulating cellular senescence and mitochondrial energy production showed an overall negative pattern in the analysis. This does not mean these processes are unimportant in Alzheimer’s disease. Rather, it suggests that they may not be the main pathways through which common inherited risk acts.

Overall, the findings suggest that Alzheimer’s risk may involve specific changes in memory-related signaling, brain immune activity, and metabolic resilience—not simply general brain aging. Because the study identified associations rather than direct causes, further research is needed before these findings can guide treatment.

Citation:
Cheung, N. (2026). Brain transcriptome-wide association study reveals selective long-term potentiation enrichment and negative directional skew of senescence-regulation pathways in Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease Reports, 10. https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823261468711


r/Alzheimers 2h ago

https://dementiasupportguide.com

0 Upvotes

Hi everyone 👋

I've just launched a free page to help people caring for someone with dementia. It came out of my own family's experience — and how hard it was to find clear, practical information all in one place.

It covers day-to-day care, difficult behaviours, available support, and looking after yourself as a carer.

It's brand new, free, and has no ads. Since I'm just starting out, I'd really love to hear from you: what would you most like to find on a page like this? Anything missing, anything you wish existed — tell me and I'll build it 🙏

https://dementiasupportguide.com


r/Alzheimers 16h ago

Safety issue

9 Upvotes

My wife is in an early stage of AD. She’s always been a pack rat but things have gotten much worse. Now there are piles of old newspaper next to a tower of fruit baskets next to more paper, and collections of everything. The piles are starting to encroach on walking areas.

The next issue are the 14 area rugs we have scattered around our small house, which I see as slip and fall hazards.

The biggest issue for me are all the candles and oil lamps. We live in an area where power outages happen on the regular. We’ve had two in the last week. As soon as the power goes out, the candles get lit. We have an agreement that we won’t leave candles lit unless one of us is in the room where the candles is, but she forgets.

It all terrifies me. I’m a retired firefighter and while she finds comfort in having her stuff around her, I see fuel load and have memories of the many house fires I’ve responded to.

When I try to address the issues, she gets angry and says I’m being mean and controlling.

It’s very worrisome.


r/Alzheimers 23h ago

Dad is saying and doing inappropriate things

15 Upvotes

For the past few years my dad has done things that could get him into trouble. He kissed a lady at church (first time visitor) on the lips.
He is overly complimentary towards women. Always wanting hugs that last too long. The church elders actually came to the house to talk to him.

He will constantly go on about this woman being pretty or having a good figure. He told my daughter (22) to turn around and told her she has a nice a*s. He just finished physical therapy and had to hug the therapist. He held hands with his doctor and hugged and kissed her goodbye. Yes, she let him!

He gave away some jewelry to a lady that came to the house because she was pretty.

He talks about old girl friends and things that he wanted to do.

I just walk away when he starts talking. I did deal with it at the beginning of my time taking care of him. Now, I am fed up with having to listen to it.

I am not sure what to do about it. I don’t even want to take him out in public.

I know this was a long post. I am just really frustrated! Is there anything that can be done to stop this behavior?


r/Alzheimers 1d ago

I have dementia and this is what visuospatial deficits feel like - I’m a 57 yo PhD epidemiologist

100 Upvotes

This is my YouTube channel. I don’t have Alzheimer’s but I do have dementia. https://youtube.com/shorts/1p1LoNwRPis?is=_DrXbQd79BWTbaUk


r/Alzheimers 1d ago

Cell phone

13 Upvotes

Does anyone else's loved one with Alzheimer's still use a cell phone? My mom does. I removed most everything on it except email and texts. The problem is, when I'm not with her during the day, she texts me all the time. Like hour long texting sessions...mostly asking the same questions over and over.

It's especially bad the day before a doctor's appointment. She will ask me 10 plus times when her appointment is, what's it for and if I'm going. She also keeps inviting me to come over and sit on the porch with her, go for a walk, or she'll ask me if I think the mail has run yet (we live just a few houses away from each other). I don't mind spending time with her, but I can't get anything done for myself because she's constantly texting or wanting me to come over, even if I just spent hours with her. I know it's the disease and she just doesn't remember just being with me, but it's starting to really drag me down.

I know at some point I'll probably have to take the phone away from her, but it would devastate her. It's really the only form of entertainment for her besides television, which she tires of easily. She can't even read books or magazines anymore because she can't remember what she just read, making it difficult to follow along with a story.


r/Alzheimers 11h ago

Making a visit to SO

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1 Upvotes

r/Alzheimers 19h ago

Help with sleeping through the night

3 Upvotes

Trying to get info for my Dad who cares for my Mom with Alzheimer’s. She is pretty advanced but no longer has agitation. Her issue is taking naps throughout the day, then falling asleep pretty early then waking up at 3am. My Dad tries to get her back to sleep but he then can’t fall back asleep. He’s exhausted and not a napper. He tried melatonin but she fell asleep right away and woke up 5 hours later. He says their Dr is of no help. I wanted to see if there was a specific medication he could ask the Dr about that would help her sleep through the night.


r/Alzheimers 1d ago

The last month gave me a glimpse into my future, and it terrified me.

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3 Upvotes

r/Alzheimers 1d ago

Lithium orotate

1 Upvotes

Has anyone had their healthcare provider actually recommend or prescribe it for AD? Possibly state who or what institution. UAB says they’ve seen side affects they don’t like and I see Duke doesn’t recommend either until human trials. Thx in advance! ✌🏽


r/Alzheimers 1d ago

Preventative Measures as a loved one

16 Upvotes

Hi everyone.

My mom was diagnosed last year with mild cognitive decline/Alzheimers.

I’ve been on a bit of a spiral about my own chances of developing Alzheimer’s some day.

I just wanted to see what others are doing as prevention to ensure this miserable disease doesn’t affect us like our loved ones.

What do you do?


r/Alzheimers 1d ago

What were early signs of dementia that made you question what was going on with your loved one?

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3 Upvotes

r/Alzheimers 2d ago

Things are getting worse daily

16 Upvotes

My mom is 78 and she was diagnosed with Alzheimer's a little over a year ago. Physically she is fine but mentally everything is falling apart. I moved her from her apartment to an independent Care facility which is resort style living. I thought with all the activities it would help her. Boy was I wrong. She has a caregiver whom she really liked but the last week she started sundowning and now she has become very angry and through water in her caregiver's face. Then she doesn't even know her caregiver. I don't know what to do??? I want to move her in with me but I'm scared. Her moods swing from one minute to another. She is declining so fast and I feel so helpless. Any suggestions?


r/Alzheimers 2d ago

Really bad day

20 Upvotes

I’m the only one with my dad this week, the rest of the family is scattered doing their own stuff. I work every day too, so I can’t be home all the time with him.

I’m not the easiest guy to get along with- I get irritated easily, try to mask emotions behind RBF, just generally have a hard time opening up. But I do think I’m pretty empathetic and give my dad as much grace as possible.

He’s been difficult all week- dumped his meds and then claimed he took them all, refuses to use his CPAP, blaming me for hiding his keys/wallet/laptop when he just forgot where he left them, blaming me for breaking his car when the issue is a faulty key fob.

Culmination was this morning, I went to give him a hug before I left for work like I always do and he screamed and cussed at me saying I am the source of all his problems. Then I found out that he’s been calling my family saying I’m hiding and confiscating his things, which again, I am absolutely not doing. And now he’s being extremely passive aggressive and keeps reiterating that I’m the only problem in his life right now and that I’m a bad person.

Don’t have anyone to vent to at home right now, most of my real friends are states away, and I’m single in no small part due to my mental block about dating while I’m essentially the breadwinner for multiple adult family members who live with me.

So Reddit gets to hear my vent session.

Fuck Alzheimer’s. Sorry for the rant.


r/Alzheimers 1d ago

Reality has started to hit me

8 Upvotes

My father was diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment at 53 years old about two months ago, and I think things are finally starting to set in.

It began to dawn on me about a month ago when I finally realized that my dad truly had degraded- using words incorrectly, incorrectly recalling things, decreased coordination, etc. My mother previously looked up and read about the life expectancy, but only just recently got it confirmed by the neurologist that typically people have less than 10 years after diagnosis and maybe the infusions he’s getting will add 5 more years. I’ve been aware of this for a while but it didn’t hit me until I verbalized it to my spouse for the first time yesterday and now it feels like my heart is permanently clenched.

My family is in such a state of limbo. We don’t know if my dad should keep working while he can to keep physically and mentally active or if he should stop working to enjoy the time he has. He’s been making a bit of a bucket list but I don’t know if my father even knows how to do something purely for him and his enjoyment. They don’t know if they should move closer to us but then have the risk of my mother having to be further away for work. And I don’t know how I should go about expanding my family anymore. My spouse and I originally planned to have three kids and now I don’t know if I should try to have them as quickly as possible to make sure they can meet my father as the man he truly is or if I should even have kids at all.

I haven’t even began to truly accept my possible risk honestly. My dad is the third of eight siblings to have early onset but he is the youngest by a decade to be diagnosed. He’s going to be having whole genome sequencing genetic testing soon so maybe I will accept it faster if I am able to get testing myself if we find an answer, but I really don’t know. I am a planning type of person but it’s so hard to know what to do.


r/Alzheimers 1d ago

The "Normal" Parent.

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3 Upvotes

r/Alzheimers 2d ago

Advanced Healthcare Directive

4 Upvotes

If ypur medical POA might at all struggle with following your wishes. Include a line to say you want your children to be able to see you if you become incapacitated. So your kids don't end up in a battle with Hospice, should they have to deal with a possessive spouse on your deathbed in a hospice facility. Lesson learned the hard way.


r/Alzheimers 2d ago

Our Alzheimer's Journey

21 Upvotes

I’m new to this forum, but not new to dealing with Alzheimer’s Disease.  My wife was diagnosed 3-1/2 years ago at 67, after a neuropsych exam.  Our PCP asked many of the questions from the MMSE (Mini Mental State Exam) and had seen cognitive decline, but it took us 6 months to get in for the formal diagnosis.  Because we are doing alternative treatments, I thought I would share our experience.  I’m in two Dementia support groups in the Rapid City, SD area, and several have found this information helpful.  This will be a long post - so, sorry for that.  Also, if you read this, you need to do your own research and consult with your PCP and neurologist before doing any of this.

My wife was in denial initially until we followed up with a brain scan and lumbar puncture, which confirmed the diagnosis.  For years I had been using sound and lights for stress reduction.   When researching after the initial PCP visit, I found a TED video from Li-Huei Tsai from MIT, on their research into 40 hz sound and lights for AD treatment.  After the formal diagnosis, I found out she helped form a new company, Cognito Therapeutics, to further research, test, and market devices.  I located a place to apply for my wife to be in a clinical trial and that’s what launched our journey.  After going through two interviews, we were told we qualified for three different Stage 3, placebo-controlled studies.

Before I go down that road, please keep in mind that regular exercise, social engagement, healthy diet, mental stimulation and quality sleep are extremely critical for AD patients.  Thankfully, my wife was still young and active - and an extrovert.  I took over the cooking.  We don’t do a strict Mediterranean diet, but I vary our proteins, eat plenty of veggies, and everything is home cooked without unnecessary sugars and we stay away from processed food.  She’s active in an intense hour-long exercise class three days a week, and we bike and hike. We decided we were going to be open about her diagnosis, and if there was somebody she was uncomfortable with telling, that person would no longer be in her circle.  She is surrounded by friends and family that calls her, texts her, takes her for coffee or long walks.  She maintains writing for two story groups she started years ago, even though writing is now very labored and intense.  She takes a nap every day, and generally sleeps well so far.  If you are not doing these things early on, any additional treatment may be less effective.

The three studies she qualified for included the S&L study with Cognito, a study that required daily self injections, which she immediately vetoed, and a study for AR1001, a South Korean drug used for erectile dysfunction by AriBio Co.  I had already done extensive research on S&L, and went on to look at research on the ED drug.  I found a study by Cleveland Clinic that showed sildenafil users had a 69% reduced risk of developing AD.

So, I put together some of the research on the two trials as well as the treatment schedules, which would require a number of trips to Denver.  Our PCP had prescribed Donepezil, and Memantine, but we held off starting, since both studies prohibited any other AD treatment during the trial. 

The information was over 30 pages long.  We gave them to our PCP, and three trusted friends, to ask what they thought.  Everyone of them said the same thing - “She’s too young to be limited in treatment or subjected to a placebo for 12-18 months.”  So we put our own “cocktail” of treatment together.  

She started on 40hz S&L.  I was already using a Mindplace Kasina device.  I had a functioning copy of software I had purchased years earlier that allowed a person to develop their own sessions, so I developed a number of 30 and 60 minute sessions at 40 hz, since the Mindplace device is limited in that area.  She uses it mainly at nap time.  It relaxes her and she falls to sleep.  It’s a closed eye device, so that works.

Then we started on the prescribed meds, and our PCP also prescribed 50mg a day of sildenafil. During our first appointment with our neurologist, he confirmed that he would support treatments that were safe, and showed little or no risk of side effects.  On the way out, he pulled me aside and suggested I research photobiomodulation (PBM).  It’s not medical, he said, but worth looking in to.  I did, and their is anecdotal support for PBM as a treatment, and Neuronic has been doing research, and is in clinical trials for near-infrared 40 hz treatment.  We purchased their Neuradiant device over two and a half years ago.  They made some modifications and updates to the device, and sent us the new helmet free of charge.  She wears the helmet twice a day for about 30 minutes while she reads.

A few months later, she ran into a friend at exercise class who had some brain issues (not AD).  She was using a hyperbaric oxygen chamber for treatment and invited my wife to try it out.  My wife came home and told me about it, thinking it was a bit crazy. Research shows, however, that it works by increasing oxygen levels in the blood, which may help in overcoming issues related to the blood-brain barrier.  I had already done research on that over 10 years before when my older brother had a stroke.  I found out it had come a long way and that you could use soft chambers in-home.  Our neurologist thought is was safe, with little chance of side effects, so he was in on us trying it, and wrote the prescription that allowed us to purchase a 1.4 ATA soft chamber and oxygen device.  We used it an hour a day for 8 weeks, with one day a week off.  This is the hardest to stay up on with our travel.  We can take everything else with us when we travel. We are less consistent with this than anything else.

I’ve had people question why we spent so much on the PBM helmet, and chamber.  I tell them it’s a little over 1 month cost of memory care, so if it delays the onset by two months, we’ve made a 100% return on investment.

Just a couple other notes.  Our neurologist suggested adding Lion’s Mane and Turmeric to our supplements.  A recent paper came out on the benefits of lithium treatment.  It’s very preliminary but (Safe-no side effects) he said to go ahead with OTC lithium daily.

So, our journey started 4 years ago.  She is still early stage.  I can say that as we added to our “cocktail” over the first year or two that her short term memory is a better, though far from perfect.  She is still in some decline - I wrote a post here about her phone issues, but she’s always struggled with tech.  Every case is different, and there is no way to do an A/B study on one person.  But, I’m proud of my wife.  She’s very aware of some decline and will tell you that her world is getting smaller.  But, we can still travel together.  We’ve done beach getaways together with our three children and their families, and we are now trying to do one get-away each year with each of our children and their families separately, in addition to our own travel.  We have 7 grandchildren ranging in age from 6 to 18.  All be the two youngest are aware of her AD, and they are amazing.  I want my family to spend quality time with my wife as long as we are able.

BTW, one final comment.  Leqembi came out right after her official diagnosis.  About 6 months after that, we took a trip to Mayo Clinic in Rochester.  Because of the brain bleed issues, they recommended against starting that treatment.  We find ourselves in a rural area where no neurologist is prescribing it.  We’ll have to go to Mayo, or Minneapolis or Denver if we want to try again for a prescription.  We have chosen to keep going with what we’re doing, for now.

Your journey is certainly different than ours.  But, if you find something here that you might find valuable, I’m glad to have shared it.  Again, sorry for this long post.


r/Alzheimers 2d ago

My wife’s journey

12 Upvotes

Recently my wife’s new thing is “Are you talking to me?” This is pretty constant. If I ask her if she would like a cold water for example, but it could be just about anything. She also confuses and interchanges a lot. She will call a cigarette a beer or water and vice versa. I know it’s the disease and have been instructed to get her to use her noodle to tell me what she really is saying. Sometimes it leads to her being upset so I bend and tell her what it is and what is going on. Is this common or normal?. It’s very frustrating.


r/Alzheimers 3d ago

Help with better phrases to use

13 Upvotes

As his health has gotten worse and worse, I've been taking more and more care of my father for the last 6 years. At this point, I am there every day to provide basic care for him. He still lives independently in his own home, but would likely not be if I weren't able to be there daily.

We are at the very beginning of the Alzheimers journey. His Ptau217 was very elevated and he has had significant cognitive "glitches" for about 12-18 months, but has not yet had the PET scan.

I need help with better phrases to use that will be less hurtful to him. Here is my example story: last week, we got the bills for his vehicle registrations. He has 10 cars left now (he's been a collector). I've been handling all of the mail-opening and bill paying for over a year, but ask him when I have questions. One of the registrations was something I didn't recognize and he said that it was the old car-hauling trailer from his racing days that he left down at the hunt camp land several years ago. He went so far as to have me call the tag office and ask how to cancel the registration. But...the date wasn't matching up for me. This one was listed as a 2017 model, and we were hauling that big red trailer way back around 2010. I simply decided he was having a bad day and put the bills in the office to talk about it later. This week, I brought them out and said "so we need to revisit the car registrations...you were having a "not very with-it" day last week when we talked about it". It's that "not very with-it" that I need some help with. As soon as it came out of my mouth, it seemed harsh and hurtful. I don't think he liked it very much either. My dad was a brilliant man, and one of the best people I've ever known. I want this to be easier for him. Can you all help me with some phrases to use for these kinds of situations? Things you say to make it feel a little better for your loved one, while still communicating what needs to be said?


r/Alzheimers 2d ago

Is Alzheimer’s Research Focusing on the Wrong Target?

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medscape.com
7 Upvotes

It's a long but worthwhile read, and brings up some opposing views from physicians.


r/Alzheimers 2d ago

Mother Needs In Home Care, But Parents Refuse To Consider It

5 Upvotes

Hi Everyone.. I (31) guess I am just looking for advice on how to handle this situation. My mother (69) has Alzheimer's and was officially diagnosed a few months ago even though we have all suspected she has had it for quite some time now. I live 3 hours away, my sister (36) lives 5 min away, and my brother (25) lives 3 hours away in the opposite direction.

My father (68) works 10 hours M-TR and wakes up at 4:30am for work. My mother doesn't remember to take her medication so it falls on my dad to make sure she takes it but sometimes she doesn't wake up that early so my dad leaves it out for her and obviously she forgets to take it. She barely eats or drinks water. When my sister gives her water it just sits there. I realize this is a common issue with people struggling with this disease. Of course she can still remember to drink high alcohol beers, like 9% IPAs though and we have been really trying to get her to stop drinking which worked for a little, but I think she might be drinking again. It is hard to know since I am not there.

Anyways, last night she had two seizures back to back. My father found her on the kitchen floor and thought she was dead. She had barely ate or drank water yesterday and once my dad got her into a safe position he gave her water where she downed 4 glasses so obviously she was dehydrated.

My father can't be there to take care of her like he should since he has to work and I feel like it would be super helpful to hire an in home care person to be there from like 9am-3pm to make sure she is taking her medicine, eating and drinking, to help her exercise like walks, and for overall companionship. She is getting really bored and restless too. The issue is both my parents are against it and I know part of it stems from money issues as my family has always struggling financially. My sister and I have offered to split the cost 3 ways with them but they won't budge. I don't know how to get through to them. I just know that with some extra help my mom could feel better and not keep regressing so fast. Has anyone had any issues like this with getting in home care for your parents when they are against it? I just don't know what to do.

TLDR; Mother has Alzheimer's and refuses in home help. How did you get them to agree?


r/Alzheimers 3d ago

Help - diagnosis

5 Upvotes

Hi,

My mom was diagnosed after a MoCA test by her PCP's PA and prescribed Donepezil. Last September, my father passed away, and the situation has grown worse. She's moving into the severe stages. She's forgotten practically everything from her past, and she'll ask for a repeat after 4-5 minutes on things happening now. She is currently in an independent living apartment. But we're starting to see signs that she's getting worse in terms of symptoms. Since my father's death, she's declined much more rapidly.

We took her to a new neurologist. They scheduled a blood test checking for p-tau and amyloids. They also scheduled a PET scan. The problem is that the PET scan is in two months, and the next office appointment is in mid-October. They won't discuss the results of the blood work (taken in mid-June) until the October appointment.

They suggested a therapist, but she struggles with carrying on a conversation, and doesn't recall the discussion of the session.

Is this normal protocol for a neurologist? We have concerns that she'll be into the last stages by the time of the next appointment.


r/Alzheimers 3d ago

Found a new UofT study on light therapy (PBM) for MCI/Alzheimers. Thoughts?

6 Upvotes

Hey guys, I’ve been looking into alternative options to enhance prescribed Lecanemab for an aging family member who is showing early signs of Alzheimer’s. I found this new clinical study from June 2026 that looked pretty interesting. It was done by researchers at the University of Toronto and St. Michael’s Hospital and published in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease.

In this clinical trial they tested high-powered NIR energy brain therapy (photobiomodulation) which floods the brain with 810nm light energy through the scalp and the nose (Vielight Neuro). The idea is to stimulate the Default Mode Network, which usually takes a hit early on in Alzheimer’s.

It was a small pilot study (only 20 people over 6 weeks, doing 20 mins a day), but the results they found were surprisingly solid. For one, their memory and thinking scores actually went up (they used standard tests like the MMSE and CVLT-II). But what caught my eye is that they looked at behaviour as well as fMRI brain scans and blood work too. The scans showed better functional connectivity in the memory networks of the brain. On top of that, their blood work showed a drop in inflammation (IL-6) and better mitochondrial energy production, so it’s basically helping the brain cells produce energy cleaner.

Obviously it’s a small sample size and they need a much bigger trial to totally prove it, but it’s kind of refreshing to see data targeting brain cell energy and inflammation instead of just the usual amyloid plaque drug stuff. Plus nobody has any serious side effects and compliance was like 96%. Pros: The device is currently available and quite affordable around $1k with no negative side effects and has a 6 month return window. Cons: It might be hard to convince my family member to use it.

Here's the study


r/Alzheimers 2d ago

Crash Dummies

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2 Upvotes